Der Bart des Muslims
Niemand ist Gläubiger oder Ungläubiger wegen seines Bartes,
doch für Muslime ist das Bartstylen oder das Abrasieren eine
entstellende Angelegenheit und unter der Ehre des Muslims,
denn es gehört zum Nachahmen der Ungläubigen, und jeder
Muslim kann das zumindest unterbewusst empfinden, ganz unabhängig davon,
wie es rechtlich beurteilt wird. Rasierte oder
bartgestylte Muslime sollten daher keine Imame oder Vertreter von Muslimen
sein, doch siehe da, genau umgekehrt ist es heute zu beobachten. ....
Jeder Muslim sollte wissen, dass der
Gesandte Allahs
seinen
Bart wachsen ließ und seinen Schnurbart
kürzte und den
Muslimen anordnete, ihre Bärte wachsen zu lassen und
ihre Schnurbärte zu kürzen. Islam-rechtlich gesehen ist das
Wachsen lassen des Bartes daher eine
Sunnah, das Abrasieren oder das starke Kürzen
hingegen ist von der Mehrheit der Gelehrten als
haraam (untersagt) klassifiziert
worden.
Der Bart des Muslims ist neben der Kleidung
eine Äußerung des Muslims, wodurch sich das Innere
der Seele äußerlich darstellt. Wenn ein Muslim
typische
Kleidung der
Ungläubigen trägt, kann er eventuell durch seinen muslimischen Bart
noch als Muslim erkannt werden.
Der
Prophet Allahs -
Segen und Friede auf ihm - hat seine Gemeinschaft
davor gewarnt, Nicht-Muslime zu imitieren und sagte: "Wer ein
Volk nachahmt, der gehört zu ihnen." Und das ist keine
Philosophie!
Wer erinnert durch
sein Erscheinungsbild an den
Islam? Wer ist hier als Muslim zu erkennen? Wer ahmt
hier Ungläubige nach
und wer folgt der Sunnah?
Die
meisten der nachstehenden Bilder stammen
von Internetsuchabfragen: "Muslim -
Kleidung - Österreich - Europa - Bart-
Nachahmung" und
dienen der jeweiligen Bildbeschreibung. Ähnlichkeiten sind
zufällig.
![](../thema/i_pic/00492_bart_muetze.jpg) ![](../thema/i_pic/00493_turban_gemaelde.png) ![](../thema/i_pic/00491_muslimbart_ohne_kopfbedeckung.jpg)
Die
zwei
Männer links lassen vermuten, dass es sich um Muslime
handelt. Der
Mann rechts könnte dem Bart nach zwar Muslim
sein (auch wenn er ihn sehr kurz geschnitten
hat), da er aber
keine Kopfbedeckung trägt, könnte es sich auch um einen spirituell
veranlagten Ungläubigen handeln.
![](../thema/i_pic/00491_designerbart_mutze.jpg) ![](../thema/i_pic/00491_designerbart_krawatte_arab.jpg) ![](../thema/i_pic/00491_modebart_krawatte.png)
Modebärte erinnern bei allen drei
Männern an Ungläubige
und haben nichts mit dem dem Bart
der Muslime zu tun.
Solche Bärte sind Ausdruck
des Unnatürlichen, und das Unnatürliche empfand
Rasuulullah
als hässlich. Keiner dieser Männer
lässt durch sein Erscheinungsbild
vermuten, dass sich um Muslime
handelt. Ungläubige zum Vorbild zu
haben, erweckt zumindest den
Eindruck, zu ihnen zu
gehören
Fatwa
Übersetzung:
An den Gross Mufti / Dschami'a Ashrafiyyah
- Lahore - Pakistan - 6. Dezember 1986 (1406)
- Bitte entscheiden Sie folgende Angelegenheit:
Frage: Ist es in
Daru-l-Kufr (Gebiet unter nichtmuslimischer
Regierung) hinter einem
Imaam zu beten, der ohne
Bart [rasiert] ist ? Ohne Kopfbedeckung ist ? Westliche
Kleidung trägt ?
Die Antwort (Fatwaa)
zu dieser Frage beRuuhht auf zwei
Ahadiith - jedes ist zu beachten.
Das erste
Hadiith besagt : "Wer immer einen
Faasiq (ein Sündiger; im Sinne der
Kriterien der
Schar'iah ein Verkommener) ehrt, zerstört den Islam."
Das zweite Hadiith besagt: "Man mag hinter einem
fadschir (ein Verkommener im Sinne der Kriterien der
Schar'iah, aber nicht jemand der nicht glaubt oder
einen fehlerhaften
Glauben hat) oder einem rechtschaffenen
Imaam beten."
Was die zweite Hadiith betrifft, so ist es so, dass
wenn eine rechtschaffene Person zur Verfügung steht, dann
muss diese bevorzugt werden. Wenn so eine Person nicht
gefunden werden kann [also in dem fall alle rasiert sind]
oder aus anderen Gründen nicht bevorzugt werden kann [z.B.
weil er nicht aus dem
Qur'aan rezitieren kann], dann ist es erlaubt einen
unqualifizierten Imaam [hier weil er rasiert ist] zu
folgen. Obwohl diese gebet
makRuuhh tanzihi
(leicht abgelehnt) ist, ist es bessert als allein zu beten.
Es mag erwähnt sein, dass es eine religiöse Pflicht (wadschib)
ist, denn Bart nicht kürzer als eine Hand breit zu belassen.
Wer auch immer seinen Bart nicht belässt, der ist in der Tat ein
Faasiq. [ein Verkommener, der die Gesetze nicht
befolgt, der u.Umsdänden als Zeuge nicht zugelassen wird]
|
Das sollte dem
Gläubigen als Wissen in der Angelegenheit eigentlich
genügen. Aber wie ist es mit dem Muslim, den
Allah
keinen oder fast keinen Bart wachsen lässt? Wie könnte er
der Sunnah folgen, wo ihn doch Allah keinen Bart
wachsen lässt?
.
Der Sunnah folgt der Muslime hier nicht allein indem er
einen Bart hat, sondern indem er das Natürliche, also wie
ihn Allah geschaffen hat akzeptiert und es dabei belässt.
Würde sich der bartlose Muslim einen Bart aufkleben, damit
er der Sunnah folgt, so beginge er die selbe
Sünde wie derjenige, der sich den Bart abrasiert oder
ihn zu stark kürzt. Deshalb ist es eine Sunnah und
keine
Farḍt (Pflicht)
einen Bart zu haben (ihn wachsen lassen), während das
Abrasieren oder das zu starke Kürzen des Bartes
haraam (untersagt) ist.
Muss der Muslim einen Bart haben?
Den Bart
wachsen zu lassen ist für denjenigen, dem er wächst, eine Absicht das
dem Propheten Muhammad
zu folgen bzw. das Natürliche zu belassen; für denjenigen aber, dem der Bart nicht wächst, ist es das Natürliche, eben keinen Bart zu haben.
Islamrechtlich gesehen ist der Bart eine Sunnah Mu'akkadah und keine
Farḍt
(Verpflichtung), denn wie könnte es auch sein, wo doch vielen Muslimen gar kein
Bart wächst. Das Rasieren des Bartes
aber, das ist
(nach der hanifitischen, malikitischen und hanbalitischen
Rechtschule)
eindeutig
hharaam
(untersagt) und in der Schafiitischen Rechtschule nach einem Teil der Gelehrten
haraam, nach einem anderen nicht wobei aber das Rasieren zum
nachahmen der ungläubigen gehört und insofern auch wieder haraam ist. Viele Muslime belassen ihren Bart selbst dann, wenn er nur aus
drei Haaren besteht, denn Sie wollen die Ehre, Rasullullahs
Anordnung befolgen nicht verlieren, und einen Hinweis darauf geben, dass sie den
Gesandten Allahs zum Vorbild haben. Wer seinen Bart hingegen abrasiert, der gibt einen
Hinweis darauf, dass er jemand anderen zum Vorbild hat, es sei den er hat
entschuldigende Gründe wie etwa Krankheit oder politische Verfolgung, aber das
ist derzeit in Europa nicht der Fall.
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayrah (رضي الله عنه),
reported that the ruler of Yemen,
appointed by the Persian emperor
Kisra, sent two envoys to the
Messenger (صلى الله عليه وسلم). When
they came into the Prophet's (صلى
الله عليه وسلم) presence, he noticed
that they had shaved their beards
and let their moustaches grow big.
Hating their ugly appearance, The
Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) turned
his face away and said, “Woe be to
you, who told you to do so?” They
replied:“Our lord (Kisra) did!” The
Messenger (صلى الله عليه وسلم)
responded “But my Lord, exalted and
glorified be He, has commanded me to
spare my beard and trim my moustache.”
[Recorded by Ibn Jarir at-Tabari,
Ibn Sa’d, and Ibn Bishran.
Heute sind viel Muslime rasiert oder zeigen sich mit allen
möglichen Designerbärten und haben damit eine gross
e Schande
und Erniedrigung über alle Muslime gebracht. Manche versuchen das zu
rechtfertigen, doch die Mehrheit der Rasierten empfindet
wohl nichts mehr dabei. Man findet rasierte Meister der
Qur'aanrezitation, rasierte
Imaame und rasierte Präsidenten Islamischer Organisationen,
die sich offensichtlich dafür auch nicht genieren. Es scheint, dass
ihre Minderwertigkeitskomplexe gegenüber der westlichen
Zivilisation, bzw. der demokratischen Religion so gross
sind,
dass sie sich genieren Muslime zu sein oder als solche
auf der Strasse erkannt zu werden. Sie befürchten nicht modern
genug zu sein oder
der Frau nicht zu gefallen, und befürchten ihren Job
oder Position wegen des Bartes zu verlieren. Sie
verteidigen sich, indem sie sagen, sioe können so Muslimen
besser helfen. Oftmals wollen sie sich
selbst zu überlisten, indem sie sagen: "Der Bart ist eine
Sunnah und keine Fard" und "das war früher wichtig,
die Zeit hat sich geändert" oder "Es kommt nicht auf
den Bart an, sondern auf die innern Qualitäten" und "Bin
ich denn kein Muslim wenn ich keinen Bart habe" usf.,
usf. Es ist eindeutig, Muslime die sich rasieren,
haben sich die Ungläubigen zum Vorbild genommen.
Die Sunnah ist sehr wichtig für Muslime, da die Muslime in
dieser Zeit aber krank und schwach im Herzen sind, glauben
sie den Verfälschern des Islam und lernen dort zu sagen: „
Es ist nur eine Sunnah“
Möge Allah der Erhaben
uns davor bewahren zu sagen "Es ist nur eine Sunnah und wenn
wir diesen Spruch irgendwo aufgeschnappt haben ohne unsern
Verstand und vor allem ohne unser Herz gefragt zu haben,
sollten wir Allah um Vergebung bitten, denn ER ist der
Vergebende. Die vier Gelehrten der Rechtsschulen waren sich
einig, dass wer auch auch die geringste Sunnah in ihrer
Bedeutung schmälert, damit den Islam verlässt.
Aber
ist
es nicht so, dass der Bart nur eine Äusserlichkeit ist und man doch
mehr auf Charakterqualitäten achten sollte, die doch viel wichtiger sind?
Ich denke es ist eher so, dass wer diese anderen, wichtigeren Qualitäten besitzt, für den ist
es leicht seinen Bart wachsen zu lassen, selbst dann, wenn er dafür verhöhnt und
verspottet würde. Der Muslim, welcher dem Gesandten
Allahs innerlich in seinen Charaktereigenschaften zu folgen versucht, der leugnet dies
auch äusserlich nicht und wartet
auch nicht, bis er diese vorzüglicheren Qualitäten seines Vorbilds erreicht hat. Die Trennung von
Innerlichkeit und Äusserlichkeit als Argument ist ein Symptom des Säkularismus. Inneres und Äusseres stehen immer im Zusammenhang, so wie dieses Leben mit dem nächsten
im Zusammenhang steht. Selbst eine
Seifenblase kann nicht in Inneres und Äusseres getrennt werden ohne das sie
platzt.
Warum sind aber so viele von denjenigen, die sich zum Islam bekennen rasiert?
Historisch
gesehen ist das "Rasiertsein"
für Muslime eine Schande; dem gelehrten Jalaluddin Afghani, hat man angeblich
wegen seiner Irrlehren, die Barthaare ausgerissen. Später aber, da wollten sich manche Muslime zwecks
wirtschaftlicher Vorteile mit ihren Kolonialherren arrangieren und dafür haben
sie sich "angepasst" - unter anderem eben durch das Abrasieren ihres Bartes. Dann gab es
auch Islamfeindliche Herrscher, welche zwar als Muslime
auftraten aber Bärtige einsperrten und viele Muslime haben sich darauf aus Angst rasiert bis sie,
über Generationen hinweg, sich an diese Schande gewöhnt haben und das
Rasieren als normal empfanden. Heute leben bereits Millionen Muslime in
den Herrschaftsgebieten Ungläubiger und rasieren sich ihre Bärte meist aus
ähnlichen Gründen; manche sagen auch dass ihre Frau den Bart nicht mag. Es ist
oft zu hören, dass der Bart ja "nur Sunnah sei", als ob "Sunnah"
etwas Unwichtiges
bedeuten würde oder beliebig zur Wahl stünde. Manche behaupten auch, dass der Bart früher
wichtig war, damit man sich von den Ungläubigen unterschied, doch
heute, wo die Ungläubige doch auch (manchmal) Bärte haben, ist der Bart für
Muslime im Sinne der Unterscheidung bedeutungslos geworden. Wieder andere behaupten, dass es früher keine guten Rasiermesser
gegeben hätte oder dass es "nicht im Qur'aan" stünde, dass man einen Bart haben
müsse. Andere wiederum behaupten, sie könnten als
rasierte (Imame) den Islam besser unter den Ungläubigen verbreiten und ähnlich
unsinniges Gerede. Es gibt auch solche, die stutzen sich einen
Stoppelbart, als wollten sie auf beiden Seiten stehen und nicht selten berufen
sich Muslime auf die schafiitische Rechtschule, denn ein Teil deren
Gelehrten hat das Rasieren nicht ausdrücklich als untersagt (hharaam) erklärt, während sie
aber das Nachahmen der Kufaar (da gehört das Bartrasieren wohl eindeutig dazu) sehr wohl als haraam
erklärten. Manche
halten sich auch Designerbärte, doch das ist vermutlich stärker hharaam als das
gänzliche Rasieren.
Selbst wenn eine Handlung rechtlich gesehen nicht als hharaam eingestuft
sein mag, so heisst dies noch lange nicht, dass das nicht in einem anderen
Zusammenhang hharaam (wie etwa dem Nachahmen der Kufaar) sein kann.
Muhammad
Abu Bakr Müller
Nachsehendeinige
Ajaat,
Hadiithe und
Fatwas zum Thema Bart, bzw. über das Verbot des
Kürzen oder des Rasierens des Bartes und damit
zusammenhängende Fragen - kopiert von verschiedenen
Websites.
1. Ikhtilaf (Meinungsverschiedenheit) zwischen den
Gelehrten !!!
Jene Ulaama die es als erlaubt ansehen nach der Faustlänge
zu kürzen. Als Beweis dient dieser Hadith: Es wird
überliefert, dass Ibn Umar رضي الله عنهما seinen Bart beim
Hajj und bei der Umrah kürzte, indem er das entfernte, was
über die Faustlänge hinausragte. (Sahih Buharyy)
Es wird von Ali, Tawus, Hasan Al-Basri, Al-Qasim, Al-Wulayk,
Ibn Sirin, Ibrahim An-Naha.i und anderen übermittelt, dass
sie das Kürzen des Bartes, was über eine Faustlänge
hinausragt, als erlaubt betrachteten.Ibn Abi Schaybah in „AL-MUSANNAF“,
6/108-109.
Es wird von
Imam Ahmad berichtet, dass er über einen Mann, der seinen
Bart kürzte, gefragt wurde. Hierauf sagte er: „Ja. Das, was
über eine Faustlänge hinausragt.“ In einer anderen
Überlieferung steht, dass er über das Kürzen des Bartes
gefragt wurde, und er sagte: „Ibn Umar nahm vom Barte, was
über die Faustlänge hinausragte.“„AD-DA'iFAH“ 5/379.
2. Ulaama die es als Haram ansehen überhaupt den Bart zu
kürzen.
Al-Mubarakfuri sagt: „ اعفوا “-(I'FU), „ اوفوا “-(AWFU), „
ارخوا “-(ARKHU), ارجوا„ “-(ARJU), „ وفرو “-(WAFIRU), sind
Verben im Imperativ, deren gleiche Bedeutung in den Ahadith
gekommen sind, und zum Wachsenlassen des Bartes im Zustand,
wie er kommt, verpflichtet.“ 154 An-Nawawi meint: „Die
Bedeutung des Verbes „ اوفوا “-(AWFU - welches in den
Ahadith erwähnt wird) ist gleich dem des Verbes „ اعفوا “-(I'FU),
und es bedeutet den Bart in den Zustand wachsen lassen, wie
er herauswächst und ihm nicht kürzen .“ Es gibt auch keinen
Dalil das Nabii (salallahu 3layhi wa salam )jemals einen
Bart gekürzt hätte. Abgesehen von dieser
Meinungsverschiedenheit sind sich die Islamischen Gelehrten
im Konsens (Ijma), dass das Kürzen des Bartes unterhalb der
Faustlänge nicht erlaubt ist. Dafür gibt es gar keine
Grundlage im Islam, und dies wurde nie von jenen
praktiziert, welche die Grenzen Allahs عز و جل gekannt
haben. Siehe die Worte von Ibn Abidin in „KHASCHIYATU
RADDI-L-MUHTAR“, 2/445 wo er sagt: „DasKürzen des Bartes
unterhalb einer Faustlänge wurden von keinem Gelehrten als
erlaubt angesehen.“ Ibn Abidin al-Hanafi sagt, dass das
Rasieren Bartes zu „HAWARIMU-L-MURU'ATI“ - „Das, was die
Männlichkeit, Mangelhaftigkeit und Tapferkeit negiert“
gehört. Siehe „AL-'UKUD“, 1/329. Dies ist einer der
Voraussetzungen, dass wenn sie nicht erfüllt wird, man von
so einem Überlieferer keine Überlieferungen annehmen darf.
Dies ist eigentlich die Sache, die seine
Vertrauenswürdigkeit negiert. So sagt es Imam ar-Ramili in „NIHAYATU-L-MUKHTAJ“,
8/299. Entnommen aus „AL-MARU'AH“, S. 99-100.
Allamah Majlisi (Möge Allah swt mit seiner Seele Gnädig
sein) zitiert in einer Überlieferung, im Kapitel 16 seines
Buches Bihar al-Anwar basierend auf der Authorität von ibn
Masud in welcher der heilige Prophet des Islams, Muhammad
(s.) sagt: "Als Allah der Barmherzige die Reue Adams (a.)
annahm, kam Gabriel (a.) zu Adam (a.) und sagte: "Möge Allah
dir ein langes Leben und Schönheit gewähren." Adam (a.)
sagte dann: "Ich verstehe was du mit einem langen Leben
meinst, allerdings versteh ich nicht was du mit Schönheit
meinst." [Folglich warf er sich Allah, seinem Herrn und
Meister] dankend nieder und als er sein Kopf hob, sprach er
ein Bittgebet und sagte: "Oh Allah, Steigere in mir die
Schönheit (welche du mir versprochen hast).", schon bald
nach dem er das Bittgebet rezitierte, erschien ein schöner,
Bart auf seinem strahlenden Gesicht. Als Gabriel (a.)
bezeugte was geschah, berührte er den Bart vom Propheten
Adam (a.) und sagte: "Das ist die Antwort auf dein
Bittgebet, an deinen Herrn, und es wurde dir erfüllt und
deinen männlichen Nachkommen, bis zum Tag der Abrechnung."
Dazu kenne ich jedoch eine schöne Geschichte (Geschichte!!
kein Hadith!):
In der Zeit unseres Propheten
gab es einen Mann der keinen Bart hatte, nur 3 lange
Härchen, die komisch aus sahen. Trotzdem schnitt er sie
nicht ab, da er die Sunnah praktizieren wollte. Einige
tage später gingen alle Muslime in die Moschee und der
Prophet
war auch anwesend. Als er diesen Mann mit den 3 langen
Härchen sah, da und lächelte er in an. Der Mann aber
ging darauf nach dem Gebet nach hause und schnitt seine
3 lange Härchen ab weil er dachte, dass der Prophet
in wegen der Härchen ausgelacht hatte. Nächsten Tag ging
er wieder zur Moschee und traf den Propheten ,
der auf den Mann zuging und sagte "Was hast du mit
deinem Bart gemacht? Warum hast du es ihn abrasiert? "
...darauf antwortete der Mann "Ich dachte es sieht
lustig, da du mich so komisch angeguckt hast" ....der
Prophet
antwortete: "Ich habe dich angelächelt, weil ich sah wie
3 Engel auf deinen Bart festgeklammert waren und mich
angelächelt haben; um mich herum waren viele
Muslime mit Bart, aber keiner war so schön und voll mit
NUR wie deiner, daher habe ich dich angelächelt"
Ich weis zwar was du mit der Frage meinst aber die ist
Falsch gestellt worden... Bart kann weder Pflicht noch "Sunna"
sein. Pflicht (wie die Moslems sagen "Fard") oder "Sunna"
ist etwas das man macht. Bart an sich ist etwas
erschaffenes. Genau so wie deine Augen oder Ohren, die sind
ja auch keine "Sunna" oder so. Dein Bart Wächst von allein.
Die eigentliche Frage wäre demnach: Ist es "Sunna" oder
Pflich den Bart lang Wachsen zu lassen oder eine Handvoll zu
kürzen? "Kürzt euren Schnurrbart und lasst eure Bärte
wachsen - unterscheidet euch von den Mushrikuun (Polytheisten)"
(Ahmad,2,229). "Kürzt eure Schnurrbärte und lasst eure Bärte
(wachsen), unterscheidet euch von den Zoroastriern" (Muslim
260). "Unterscheidet euch von den Mushrikuun, und lasst eure
Bärte (wachsen) und kürzt eure Schnurrbärte" (al-Bukhari Nr.
5892; Muslim Nr. 259)
Wer den Bart ganz abrasiert ist nach dem Islamischen Urteil
ein Fasiq (Sünder/ Übeltäter), weil er die Hadithe
ignoriert, das Bart-Wachsenlassen vorschreiben. Bartrasieren
gilt als "Abändern der Schöpfung ALLAHs" (wie
Augenbrauen-Zupfen, es sei denn nur einzelne ganz abseits
wachsende Haare)(vgl. Koransure 4:119). Lisan-ul-'Arab und
al-Qamus al-Muhit (2 berühmte arab. Wörterbücher) definieren
als "Bart": "was auf den Wangen und am Kinn wächst". Abu
Huraira, Allahs Wohlgefallen auf ihm, berichtete: Der
Prophet, Allahs Segen und Heil auf ihm, sagte: Zur Fitra
(natürlichen Veranlagung) gehören fünf Dinge: Die
Beschneidung, das Abrasieren der Schamhaare, das Schneiden
der (Finger- und Fuss-) Nägel, das Auszupfen der Achselhaare
und das Kurzschneiden des Schnurrbarts. (Muslim 377) Ibn `Umar,
Allahs Wohlgefallen auf beiden, berichtete: Der Prophet,
Allahs Segen und Heil auf ihm, sagte: "Schneidet den
Schnurrbart kurz und lasset den Bart frei wachsen" (Muslim
380) To perform Imamat without Shar'i beard (one fist)
(Darul Uloom Amjadia, India, Printed in Monthly Kanzul
Iman-India)
Q: In the absence of Imam his student( who does not keep
beard ) performs the Imamat, how is it to pray Namaz behind
him? And is it allowed to pray Juma Namaz behind him? If
about this matter Imam does not say anything to this student
then how to treat him, should he be removed from the duty of
Imamat or not?
A: To shave beard is definitely not allowed and Haram. In
Darr-e-Mukhtar with Shami in part six on page 407 it is
mentioned that
1. Therefore if the mentioned student shaves beard or trim
it down less than one fist it is a sin to make him Imam and
to perform Namaz behind him is makrooh-e-tehreemi and wajib
to repeat. In Fatawa-e-Rizvia on page 271 in part three
Alahazrat Imam Ahmad Raza Muhadis-e-Barelvi radiallha anhu
writes "The one who shaves beard is Faasiq and Muallin. To
make him Imam is a sin and to perform Namaz behind him is
Makroh-e-Tahrimi (wajib to repeat namaz)" And if for Jumma
one can not find an Imam even in another nearby Mosque who
follows Sharia't then because of this situation pray Jumma
behind this student (later on repeat your namaz as of Zuhr).
It is stated in Fatwa-e-Rizvia on page 273 in part three
that if not able to find an imam for Jumma beside a fasiq &
muallin imam then pray Jumma because it is fard and fard is
important (later on repeat your namaz as of Zuhr). If the
mentioned Imam does not prohibit his student from imamat
then he is committing sin. It is narrated in Hadis Shareef
that
2. (Mishkat on page 436). It is must for him to ask
mentioned student to stop imamat. If he does not do so then
he (imam) must be removed from the duty of imamat. ALLAH
Ta'ala says *3. But if he (student) does not have beard by
nature and there is nothing wrong with him according to
Shri'at then all the prayers can be performed behind him.
Allah Ta'ala Knows the best.
http://www.Islamicacademy.org/html/Fatwa/English/Imamat.htm
In the name of Allah, Most Compassionate, Most Merciful,
Growing a beard is an extremely emphasised and encouraged way
(Sunnah) of the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace),
and held by the Muslim scholars to be necessary (wajib) for a man.
The Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace) repeatedly
instructed the growing of a beard in many narrations, and his own
habitual and continuous practice was that of growing a full beard.
Thus, the obligation of keeping a beard is clear from the statements
of the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace), the
statements of the great Imams and the constant practice of the early
Muslims (salaf).
1) Sayyiduna Abd Allah ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with him) narrates
that the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace) said:
"Trim (your) moustaches and lengthen/grow (your) beards." (Sahih
al-Bukhari & Sahih Muslim)
2) Sayyiduna Abu Hurayra (Allah be pleased with him) narrates that
the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace) said: "Cut
off moustaches, leave beards and do otherwise than the fire
worshippers." (Sahih Muslim, no. 260)
3) Sayyiduna Anas ibn Malik (Allah be pleased with him) narrates
that the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace) said:
"Trim moustaches, lengthen/leave beards and do not imitate the Jews."
(Tahawi, Sharh Ma'ani al-Athar, 4/230)
4) Sayyiduna Abd Allah ibn Umar (Allah be pleased with him) narrates
that the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace)
ordered the trimming/clipping of moustaches and the leaving of the
beards." (Sahih Muslim, no. 1/222)
In the above Hadiths, the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give
him peace) categorically commanded the keeping of the beard in many
different ways, and with using different words. In the English
translation of the above narrations (Hadiths), it is not possible to
clearly observe the different wordings used. However, those who may
look at the original Arabic text of these narrations will see that
the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace) used
different phrases and words to emphasise the keeping of the beard.
The great Hadith master, Imam al-Nawawi (Allah have mercy on him)
states in his renowned commentary of Sahih Muslim:
The words: A'fu, Awfu. Arkhu, Arju and Waffiru have all been used;
the meaning of all of which is to leave the beard as it is." (Sharh
Sahih Muslim, 3/151)
In the above narrations, the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him &
give him peace) explicitly commanded the growing of the beard.
According to the scholars of the "science of juristic principles" (usul
al-Fiqh), the explicit command (amr) of the Qur'an and Sunnah
signifies the obligatory nature of an act (al-Amr li al-Wujub)
unless otherwise proven. (See, for example: al-Nasafi, Kashf
al-Asrar Sharh al-Manar, 1/37 for the Hanafi school, al-Baji, Ihkam
al-Fusul fi Ahkam al-Usul, p.79 for the Maliki school, al-Shirazi,
al-Luma' for the Shafi'i school and Ibn Badran, Nuzhat al-Khatir
al-Atir, 2/43 for the Hanbali school).
The Messenger of Allah's (Allah bless him & give him peace) constant
practice was also that of keeping a beard:
5) Abu Ma'mar relates that we asked Khabbab (Allah be pleased with
him) whether the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him
peace) used to recite the Qur'an in the Zuhr and the Asr prayers. He
replied in the affirmative. We said, "How did you come to know of
this?" He replied, "From the movement of his beard." (Sahih
al-Bukhari1/971 & Sunan Abu Dawud, no. 801)
6) Sayyiduna Anas ibn Malik (Allah be pleased with him) narrates
that when the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace)
performed ablution (wudhu), he would take a handful of water and put
it under his jaws and pass it through his beard. He said, "This is
what my Lord ordered me to do." (Sunan Abu Dawud, no. 145, Sunan
al-Bayhaqi, 1.54 and authenticated by al-Hakim)
7) Sayyiduna Jabir ibn Abd Allah (Allah be pleased with him)
narrates that the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him
peace).......had a thick beard...." (Sahih Muslim, no. 1823)
The four Sunni schools of Islamic law (madhhabs) also quite clearly
mention the impermissibility of shaving the beard:
The Hanafi School
The great Hanafi jurist, Imam al-Haskafi (Allah have mercy on him)
states in his Durr al-Mukhtar:
"It is unlawful for one to trim his beard....And as for shortening
it when it is less than a fistful, as some North Africans and
effeminate men do, this is something no one (i.e. of the Hanafi
scholars) has said is permitted."(See: Radd al-Muhtar ala al-Durr
al-Mukhtar, 2/113, Kitab al-Sawm)
This position is also confirmed in other works, such as al-Bahr
al-Ra'iq, Fath al-Qadir, al-Fatawa al-Hindiyya, Bada'i al-Sana'i and
al-Ikhtiyar.
The Maliki School
Imam al-Dasuqi (Allah have mercy on him) states:
"It is unlawful (haram) for a man to shave off his beard, and the
perpetrator will be disciplined." (Hashiyat al-Dasuqi ala Sharh
al-Kabir, 1/90, Kitab al-Taharah)
The Shafi'i school
It is stated in Sharh al-Ubab:
"The two shaykhs of the school (i.e. Nawawi & Rafi'i) state that it
is MakRuuhh (disliked) to shave the beard, but Ibn al-Rif'a objected
to this stating that Imam Shafi'i (Allah have mercy on him) himself
categorically mentioned in his book "al-Umm" that shaving the beard
is unlawful (haram). Imam al-Azra'i said that the correct position
of the school is that, to shave the beard without a valid medical
reason is unlawful." (Sharh al-Ubab & Hashiya Ibn Qasim al-Abbadi,
9/376)
Imam Ibn Qasim al-Abbadi also stated in his Hashiya:
"It is said that, shaving of the beard is unlawful." (See: Hashiya
Ibn Qasim al-Abbadi ala Tuhfat al-Muhtaj, 2/468, Kitab al-Salat)
The Hanbali School
Imam al-Bahuti (Allah have mercy on him) states:
"(From the acts of nature (fitrah) is to lengthen the beard in a way
that it should not be trimmed at all. It is stated in the school
that, this is as long as it does not become abnormally long in a way
that it causes abhorrence. And it is unlawful (haram) to shave it
off." (Kashaf al-Qina', 1/75).
This is also confirmed in the other major Hanbali works, such as:
al-Insaf, 1/121 by al-Mawardi, Sharh Muntaha al-Iradat, 1/85 by
al-Bahuti and al-Rawdh al-Murbi', 27-28 also by al-Bahuti.
The above statements of the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him &
give him peace) and the statements of the jurist (fuqaha) go a long
way in proving that to shave the beard (or trimming it to a very
thin line which in effect is shaving) is unlawful (haram). A Muslim
(and especially one who classes himself to be practicing) can never
look with favour towards the act of shaving the beard.
Length of the beard
As far as the length of the beard is concerned, there is no doubt in
the fact that the practice of the Mercy of both worlds, the
Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace) and his
Companions (Allah be pleased with them all) was that of keeping and
growing the beard to at least a fistful.
The Hadith quoted above from Sahih al-Bukhari, wherein Khabbab
(Allah be pleased with him) said that, they (sahaba) came to know of
the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace) reciting
in his prayers due to the movement of his beard, is a clear proof of
this. One can imagine the length of the Messenger of Allah's beard
if the Companions could see it moving from standing behind him in
prayers.
Similarly, there are other narrations that clearly state that the
Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace) had a very
thick and copious beard.
Imam al-Bukhari relates in his "Sahih" from Sayyiduna Abd Allah ibn
Umar (Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (Allah
bless him & give him peace) said: "Do otherwise than those who
ascribe partners to Allah (al-mushrikin): leave beards, and trim
moustaches." And Ibn Umar, when he went on Hajj or Umra, would grasp
his beard with his hand, and removed what was in excess of it." (Sahih
al-Bukhari, 7/206)
Other Companions such as Abu Hurayra and Umar ibn al-Khattab (Allah
be pleased with them all) are also reported to have trimmed their
beards to a fistful, thus the practice of the Sahaba, who understood
the Sunnah more than anyone else, is a clear proof on the
permissibility of trimming the beard to a fistful.
The great Hanafi jurist, Imam Ibn Abidin (Allah have mercy on him)
states:
"when a narrator (Ibn Umar, in this case), does something in
contradiction to what he has narrated (the words "leave/grow beards"),
it indicates that the original ruling (of not trimming the beard at
all) has been superseded (mansukh) by a subsequent one--permitting
the beard to be trimmed, in this case. But trimming it when it is
already less than a handful is not permissible in the Hanafi school
(Ibn Abidin: Radd al-muhtar ala al-durr al-mukhtar, 2/113)
Thus, as also quoted earlier, the Hanafi School is quite clear, in
that it is unlawful to trim the beard shorter than a fistful, as
mentioned by both Imam al-Haskafi and Imam Ibn Abidin. There is also
an opinion in the school that, to trim the excess hair of a fistful
is necessary (wajib), although the preferred opinion is that it is
recommended (mandub) to trim it to a fistful. (See: Durr al-Mukhtar)
The Maliki School is also quite clear in that it is impermissible to
trim the beard unless it is extremely long. However, they don't
restrict this to a fistful.
Imam Shaykh Ali al-Sa'idi al-Adawi (Allah have mercy on him) states:
"There is nothing wrong (in the sense that it is recommended) in
trimming the beard if it is exceptionally long.....It will be
impermissible to trim it if it was not long enough or was only
slightly long. Some commentators (on the risala) explained the
meaning of "lengthiness" (kathra) that which is considered to be
abnormal, for leaving (such a lengthy beard) causes abhorrence in
one's appearance.......I would say: Some commentators have mentioned
that trimming the beard when it has not grown (very) long will be
unlawful similar to shaving it. But the apparent interpretation (of
the text) is that the point of prohibition - as we have already
demonstrated to you - is when clipping results in disfigurement (muthla),
and this clear in the absence of lengthiness or when it is slightly
long and one goes overboard in trimming. As for when it is (very)
long and clipping it doesn't produce disfigurement, then the
apparently correct interpretation is that it is contrary to what is
more appropriate (khilaf al-awla)." (Hashiya of Shaykh Ali al-Adawi
on the commentary (sharh) of Imam Abu al-Hasan to the Risala of Ibn
Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani, 1/409/410)
Imam al-Qarafi (Allah have mercy on him) states:
"From the nature (fitrah) is the lengthening of the beard unless it
becomes extremely long (Jiddan), in which case, it would be
recommended to trim it." (al-Zakhira, 13/278)
The Shafi'i school, which is the most liberal on the beard issue,
states that it is disliked (makRuuhh) to trim the beard.
Imam al-Nawawi (Allah have mercy on him) states:
"The correct opinion is that it is disliked to trim the beard
unrestrictedly (mutlaqan), rather, it should be left uncut however
it grows." (al-Majmu', 1/290)
Imam Ibn Hajar (Allah have mercy on him) says in his Tuhfa:
"The outward purport (dhahir) of what our imams say is that it is
unconditionally disliked to trim the beard." (Tuhfat al-Muhtaj,
9.376)
The Hanbali School mentions that to leave the beard is necessary,
and permissible to trim it to a fistful. (See: Kashaf al-Qina',
1/75)
The upshot of all of the above is that, all the four schools of
Islamic law regard the trimming of the beard less than a fistful as
blameworthy (unlawful, according to the three schools and disliked
according to the Shafi'i school). Thus, one should not trim his
beard less than a fistful.
Scholars and those associated to Da'wa work must take extra care
with regards to this. Even if trimming the beard less than a fistful
is considered to be disliked, it is unfitting for a person active in
Islamic work to involve himself in such a practice, for a person is
more effective with his actions than his words.
Some individuals try to justify the shaving of the beard using many
excuses, such as, it could be an obstacle in the way of effective
Da'wa, etc, but these excuses are just that. When we have the clear
guidance from the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him
peace), then there is no other way for us other than that of the
Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace)
If the service to Islam and Muslims is done with adherence to the
laws of Shariah, then one will be rewarded. However, service to
Islam and the Muslims, whilst forgoing the injunctions of Islam is
neither effective nor acceptable by Allah Almighty.
Consider the following incident recorded by Imam Ibn Kathir in his
al-Bidaya wa al-Nihaya, Imam al-Tabari in his Tarikh and Imam Ibn
al-Athir in his al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh:
"When the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace)
wrote a letter to the King of Persia (kisra) inviting him to Islam,
he (kisra) tore the latter apart and then sent two of his people to
the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace). When they
entered onto the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him
peace), their beards were shaven and they had grown a big moustache,
the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace) disliked
to even look at them, and said; "Who commanded you to do this? They
replied that their Lord (kisra) had ordered them to do so. The
Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace) said, "But my
Lord has ordered me to shorten my moustache and lengthen my beard...."
(al-Bidaya Wal-Nihaya, 4/269/270)
In the above episode, the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give
him peace) disliked even to look at the Messengers of Kisra, for
they had grown their Moustaches and shaved off their beards. This
should serve as a great deterrent for all those who do not want to
hurt the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace) in
any way, and thus abstain from any practice that would be disliked
by him.
Before parting with the issue, I would like to mention that, the
position taken above is according to my understanding of the Islamic
ruling with regards to the beard, and this is what I have learnt
from the majority of my teachers. This is also the position held by
the scholars of the Indian Subcontinent and elsewhere.
However, there are other major scholars, especially in the Middle
East, who hold a more lenient position with regards to the trimming
of the beard. And, as you have seen, that there is nothing clear and
decisive in the Shafi'i school stating that the beard must be grown
to a fistful unless one will be sinful, thus many great Shafi'i
scholars (from Yemen, for example) do not consider growing the beard
to a fistful as obligatory, rather merely somewhat disliked if not
kept.
Therefore, it is necessary that we have full conviction in what we
believe and respect the opinions of others, as long as it falls into
the category of valid Ijtihad. The most one may do is offer sincere
advice (nasiha) while respecting others' right not to follow the
opinion one believes to be correct. This is the path of tolerance,
and mercy.
The ruling on Moustache
The trimming and shortening of the moustache has been emphatically
mentioned in many narrations of the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless
him & give him peace), as we have seen above, thus, there is no need
to repeat these narrations.
The Hadiths from the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him
peace) mention two things:
1) Some state, "Shorten your moustaches."
2) Others state, "Remove your moustaches." (See: Sahih al-Bukhari
and Sahih Muslim).
Thus, all the Schools of Islamic law agree on the fact that, it is
impermissible to leave the moustache in a way that it covers the
upper lip, for it is against the Sunnah and unhygienic, especially
when eating. It would be unlawful to grow a very long moustache, as
is customary in many people.
Zayd ibn Arqam (Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the
Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace) said: "Whosoever
does not shorten his moustache is not one from us." (Sunan Tirmizi,
no. 2761, Sunan Nasa'i, no. 14 and Musnad Ahmad, 4/366, and Imam
al-Tirmizi classed it to be authentic).
Sayyiduna Abd Allah ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with him) narrates
that the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace) used
to trim or take from his moustache, and the friend of Allah (khalil),
the Prophet Ibrahim (blessings be upon him) would also do the same."
(Sunan Tirmizi, no. 2760 and Musnad Ahmad, 1/301)
However, the scholars differ as to whether it is better to shorten
the moustache or remove it and shave it altogether.
The relied upon opinion in the Hanafi School is that, it is even
better to remove one's moustache, though the sunnah is achieved by
shortening the it such that it no longer covers the upper lip.
Imam Ibn Abidin (Allah have mercy on him) states that the opinion of
shaving off the moustache being a Sunnah, was chosen by many
scholars. (Radd al-Muhtar)
Imam al-Tahawi said that it is a Sunnah to shave the moustache, and
it is better than shortening it, affirming that this is the position
of Abu Hanifa and both his main students (Allah have mercy on them).
(See: Tahawi, Sharh Ma'ani al-Athaar, 4.229,
He also reported, with his authentic chains of transmission, that
this was from the practice of great Companions, including Abd Allah
ibn Umar, Abu Hurayra, Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, Abu Usayd al-Sa'idi,
Rafi' ibn Khadij, Jabir ibn Abd Allah, Anas ibn Malik, and others.
(ibid.)
Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal (Allah have mercy on him) used to shave his
moustache, thus the Hanbali position is also similar to that of the
Hanafis. The Maliki School states that the moustache should not be
completely removed, rather only shortened. The Shafi'is also hold a
similar view.
This is what I have, and Allah knows best.
Muhammad ibn Adam /
Darul Iftaa
To perform Imamat without Shar'i beard (one fist) (Darul
Uloom Amjadia, India, Printed in Monthly Kanzul Iman-India)
Q: In the absence of Imam his student (who does not keep
beard ) performs the Imamat, how is it to pray Namaz behind
him? And is it allowed to pray Juma Namaz behind him? If
about this matter Imam does not say anything to this student
then how to treat him, should he be removed from the duty of
Imamat or not?
A: To shave beard is definitely not allowed and Haram. In
Darr-e-Mukhtar with Shami in part six on page 407 it is
mentioned that
1. Therefore if the mentioned student shaves beard or
trim it down less than one fist it is a sin to make him Imam
and to perform Namaz behind him is makrooh-e-tehreemi and
wajib to repeat. In Fatawa-e-Rizvia on page 271 in part
three Alahazrat Imam Ahmad Raza Muhadis-e-Barelvi radiallha
anhu writes "The one who shaves beard is Faasiq and Muallin.
To make him Imam is a sin and to perform Namaz behind him is
Makroh-e-Tahrimi (wajib to repeat namaz)" And if for Jumma
one can not find an Imam even in another nearby Mosque who
follows Sharia't then because of this situation pray Jumma
behind this student (later on repeat your namaz as of Zuhr).
It is stated in Fatwa-e-Rizvia on page 273 in part three
that if not able to find an imam for Jumma beside a fasiq &
muallin imam then pray Jumma because it is fard and fard is
important (later on repeat your namaz as of Zuhr). If the
mentioned Imam does not prohibit his student from imamat
then he is committing sin. It is narrated in Hadis Shareef
that, (Mishkat on page 436).
2. It is must for him to ask mentioned student to
stop imamat. If he does not do so then he (imam) must be
removed from the duty of imamat. ALLAH Ta'ala says,
3. But if he (student) does not have beard by nature and
there is nothing wrong with him according to Shri'at then
all the prayers can be performed behind him. Allah Ta'ala
Knows the best.
What Islam says About the Beard
From The Shari Length of the Beard by Mufti Afzal Elias, May
Allah reward him abundantly, aameen. Transferred to
the web for the benefit of all Muslims by Islam.tc
This pamphlet is to emphasize the importance and the length
of the beard. Many Muslims have queried regarding this
point. I have also found that people prefer keeping a beard
in imitation of what's in vogue rather than that prescribed
by Nabi (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam). A compilation of this
nature has become important because the impact of the
western way of life seems to be luring unwary Muslims into
such a craze that the importance of the beard itself is
being doubted and scoffed at. To those who feel the issue is
trivial to worry about, may ALLAH guide him. But to those
who genuinely wish to learn and practice what is right, here
are sufficient proofs from the Qur'an, Ahadeeth, and learned
scholars.
Concerning Adherence to the Sunnah in the Holy Qur'an:
"O ye who believe! Obey Allah, and obey the Messenger, and
those charged with authority among you." (Quran 4:59)
"O ye who believe! Obey Allah and His Messenger, and turn
not away from him when ye hear (him speak)." (Quran 8:20)
"O ye who believe! give your response to Allah and His
Messenger, when He calleth you to that which will give you
life; and know that Allah cometh in between a man and his
heart, and that it is He to Whom ye shall (all) be
gathered."(Quran 8:24)
"Ye have indeed in the Messenger of Allah an excellent
exempler for him who hopes in Allah and the Final Day, and
who remembers Allah." (Quran 33:21)
"What Allah has bestowed on His Messenger (and taken away)
from the people of the townships,- belongs to Allah,- to His
Messenger and to kindred and orphans, the needy and the
wayfarer; in order that it may not (merely) make a circuit
between the wealthy among you. So take what the Messenger
gives you, and refrain from what he prohibits you. And fear
Allah: for Allah is strict in Punishment." (Quran 59:7)
Importance of the Beard in the words of Rasulullah (Sallallahu
Alayhi Wasallam):
(1) Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) said "I have no
connection iwth one who shaves, shouts and tears his
clothing eg. in grief or affication."
- Reported by Abu Darda (R.A.) in Muslim, Hadith no. 501
(2) The teachings of Hadhrat Ammar Bin Yaasir, Abdullah Ibn
Umar, Sayyidina Umar, Abu Hurairah and Jaabir (R.A.),
indicate that ALL used to keep beards that were one fist
length or more. Hadhrat Jaabir (R.A.) had said: "We used to
grow long beards and only during Hajj and Umrah did we trim
them to the required length (i.e. fist length)."
(3) Hadhrat Abdullah Ibn Umar (R.A.) relates that: "He who
imitates the kuffar (non-believers) and dies in that state,
he will be raised up with them on the Day of Qiyamat (Judgement)."
(4) Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) says: "Trim
closely the moustache, and let the beard flow (Grow)."
- Narrated Ibn Umar (R.A.) in Muslim, Hadith no. 498
(5) "Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) ordered us to
trim the moustache closely and spare the beard" says Ibn
Umar.
- Muslim, Hadith no. 449
(6) Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam)said: "Act
against contrary to the polythesists, trim closely the
moustache and grow the beard."
- Reported by Ibn Umar (R.A.) in Muslim, Hadith no. 500
(7) Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) said "Trim
closely the moustache and grow the beard."
- Reported by Abu Hurairah (R.A.) in Muslim, Hadith no. 501
(8) Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) said: "Anyone
who shaves has no claim to the mercy of Allah"
- Reported by Ibn Abbas (R.A.) in Tibrabi
(9) Hadhrat Abdullah Ibn Umar (R.A.) used to cut that
portion (which exceeds the grip of the hand) of the beard. -
Tirmidhi
The Beard according to the Great Imams of Jurisprudence
Hanafi
Imam Muhammed (R.A.) writes in his book "Kitabul Aathaar"
where he relates from Imam Abu Hanifa (R.A.) who relates
from Hadhrat Haytham (R.A.) who relates from Ibn Umar (R.A.)
that he (Ibn Umar) used to hold his beard in his hand and
cut off which was longer. Imam Muhammed (R.A.) says that
this is what we follow and this was the decision of Imam Abu
Hanifa. Therefore, according to Hanafies, to shorten the
beard less than a FIST LENGTH is HARAAM and on this is IJMA
(concensus of opinion).
Shafi'i
Imam Shafi (R.A.) in his Kitabul Umm states, "To shave the
beard is HARAAM." (Shari Minhaj dar Shara Fasl Aqueeqa).
Maaliki
Shekh Ahmad Nafarawi Maliki in the commentary of Imam Abu
Zayed's booklet states, "to shave the beard is without doubt
haraam according to all Imams." It is also mention in "Tamheed"
which is a commentary of "Muatta" (Sunnan Imam Malik (R.A.))
that to shave the beard is HARAAM and among males the only
ones to resort to this practice (of shaving) are the
HERMAPHRODITES (persons who possess both male and female
features and characteristics).
Hanbali
The Hanbalies in the famous Al-Khanie'a Hanbali Fatawa Kitab
state that "to grow the beard is essential and to shave it
is HARAAM." Also in the Hanbali Mathab books "Sharahul
Muntahaa" and "Sharr Manzoomatul Aadaab", it is stated "The
most accepted view is that it is HARAAM (prohibited to shave
the beard)." Also note, according to scholars of Islam: "To
shave off the beard is unlawful (haraam) and one who shaves
his beard is legally speaking an unrighteous fellow (FASIQ);
hence, it is NOT PERMISsIBLE to appoint such a man as an
Imam. To say Taraweeh behind such an Imam is
MAKRuuhh-E-TAHRIMI (near prohibition)" (Shami Vol.1, p.523)
The Durre-Mukhtar states: "No one has called it permissible
to trim it (the beard) less than FIST-LENGTH as is being
done by some westernized Muslims and hermaphrodites." (Vol.
2, p. 155). Also, "It is forbidden (haraam) for a man to cut
off another's beard." (Vol. 5, p. 359).
Conclusion
Thus, a Muslim who shaves or shortens his beard is like a
hermaphrodite, his Imamate near prohibition, his evidence is
not valid, he will not have the right to vote or being voted
for. Shaving and shortening the beard is the action of
non-believers. Imam Ghazzali (RA) says: "Know that the key
to total bliss (Saadah) lies in following the Sunnah and in
emulating the life of Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam)
in ALL that issues from him, and in ALL his doings even if
it concerns the manner of his eating, rising, sleeping, and
speaking. I do say thisin relation to rituals in worship
ONLY because ther is no way neglecting the Sunnah reported
of him in such matters - but what I say INCLUDES EVERY
ASPECT of his daily life." (Kitab al Arbain Addin, Cairo
1344, p. 89). Furthermore, in the Holy Qur'an, Allah told
Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) to say: "Say: "If ye
do love Allah, Follow me: Allah will love you and forgive
you your sins: For Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful." (Quran
3:31) The daily recitation of a band of angels of Allah is
"Holy is the Being who adorned men with beards and women
with braids" (Takmela e Bahr al Raiq, Vol. 3, p. 331) Lastly,
Allah Ta'ala says in the Holy Qur'an: "And when the true
believers are called to Allah and His Rasul (Sallallahu
Alayhi Wasallam) [to accept and practice the law and
commands of Allah and His Rasul (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam)]
that he may pass judgement upon them, their ONLY reply is 'We
hear and obey.' Such men shall surely prosper." (24:51)
THE CALL IS TO GROW A FIST LENGTH BEARD, LET US HEAR AND
OBEY TO PROSPER. http://www.Islam.tc/beard/beard.html
The Blessed Beard... Grow it, what's so hard to
understand? Commentary by Islam.tc
Muslims are overcome with western influence in their lives
and it's easy to forget, nay, neglect the Sunnah of the
Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him). Little do these
Muslims realize the magnitude of their actions in imitating
Kufaar (see Hadith section). This is a truly shocking!
Hopefully the information presented herein will enlighten
those. And then there are others who claim that the matters
concerning beards is a "little" issue not worthy of mention
nor practice. To them I say get off the denial bandwagon,
you're a Muslim! Follow the Prophet (Peace be upon him) in
all aspects of life, for he was the best of examples. I
couldn't tell you how many times I've mistaken a Muslim
brother (outside of the Masjid) for a kaafir on account of
his clean-shaven, well oiled, face. How can I say "Assalaamu
Alaikum Brother!" when I do not know if he is a Muslim. Yet
that very brother then wonders why he was ignored! Sure, he
can tell if others are Muslim on account of their beard, but
what about himself? From one brother to another, I say: "Grow
a beard, then, since it also promotes Brotherhood in the
real world. Stand with your Brothers, be one. We know you
think you are handsome without it (a beard), but who cares?
What matters is how Allah (S.W.T.) sees you. And when you do
grow a beard, don't mock the Sunnah, please grow it
correctly, i.e. FIST LENGTH. That is the prescribed length
and no shorter (see Hadeeth section)..." Peace.
According to the Hanafis:
“It is prohibited for a man to cut his beard ... as for
cutting it shorter than a fist-length - as is done by some
people from the west and by the effeminate men - no one
permits this. And as for shaving it completely, it is the
doing of the Indian Jews and the Persian Magians” [Persian
Magians-Followers of an old religion, possibly the same as
the "Zoroastrians"] [Ad-Durr ul-Mukhtar]. Ibn-Abidayn said:
“It is prohibited for a man to cut his beard.” (Radd
ul-Muhtar [2:418]) http://forums.Islamicawakening.com/f11/imam-nawawi-on-shaving-the-beard-11983/
The Opinions of the Four Schools of Thought
The Hanafis: They say that it is forbidden for a man
to shave his beard, and they have instructed shaving any
excessive hair over a handful; cutting anything from what is
less than a handful is not allowed.
The Malikies: They ruled on the prohibition of
shaving the beard, as well as shortening it if this would
result in any disfigurement. If cutting parts of it when it
gets too long would not result in any disfigurement, then it
is allowed. However, some said that this would be Makrooh (undesirable).
The Shafi'is: They said that shaving the beard is
Makrooh (undesirable), although Ibn Al-Rif'ah opposed this
ruling, and said that Imam Ash-Shafi'i has stated in his
book "Al-Umm" that this is Haram, not just Makrooh.
Al-Athra'iy said that the correct opinion amongst the
Shafi'is is that shaving it is Haram, unless it had defects.
The Hanbalis: They ruled that shaving the beard is
forbidden. No disagreement about this has been reported in
the Hanbali school of thought, as stated in "Al-Insaf".
[The above narrations were mentioned by Sheikh Ali Mahfooz,
in his book Al-Ibdaa', page 410].
Imam Ibn Hazm said: "And they (scholars) have agreed that
shaving the beard is a disfigurement, and is not allowed". [Al-Muhallah,
2/189] Sheikhul-Islam Ibn Taimiyah also stated that: "Shaving
the beard is forbidden". [Al-Ikhtiyarat Al-Ilmiyyah, page
6]. Ibn Abdul-Barr stated in his book "At-Tamheed" that
shaving the beard is Haram and that it is only done by the
effeminate (those who imitate women).
Many of the recent scholars have also ruled on the
prohibition of shaving the beard and the necessity of
growing it. Among these scholars are: Sheikh Al-Albany in
his book "Adaab Az-Zafaf", and his students, Sheikh Ali
Mahfooz in his book "Al-Ibdaa'", Sayid Sabiq in his book "Fiqhus-Sunnah",
Mahmoud Al-Istanbuli in his book "Tuhfatul Arous",
Al-Qaradawi in his book "The Lawful and Prohibited in
Islam", Sheikh Ismail Al-Ansari as well as all the scholars
of the Arabian Peninsula who clearly ruled and explained the
prohibition of shaving the beard in their books and lectures.
And if we were to state the opinions of the different
scholars in this matter, the whole issue of this magazine
will not be sufficient, although we believe that the above
should be sufficient for those who are sincere in looking
for the truth.
Proofs for Prohibition
* Shaving the beard involves altering the creation of Allah,
which is forbidden as stated in the Qur'an: "Allah cursed
him. And he (Shaytaan) said: 'I will take an appointed
portion of your slaves. Verily, I will mislead them, and
surely I will arouse in them false desires; and certainly I
will order them to slit the ears of cattle, and indeed I
will order them to change the nature created by Allah.' And
whoever takes Shaytaan as a Wali (protector or helper)
instead of Allah, has surely suffered a manifest loss" [4:
118-119]. Sheikh Al-Albany said regarding this verse that it
is "a clear statement that changing Allah's creation without
His permission is obeying Shaytaan, and that there is no
doubt that shaving the beard for beauty reasons comes under
the rule of this verse" [Adabul-Zafaf, PP 119-120]. There
are also numerous verses which command Muslims to follow the
tradition of the Prophet (s.a.w) as Allah (s.w.t) says: "And
whatsoever the Messenger gives you, take it, and whatsoever
he forbids you, abstain (from it)" [59: 7].
* Shaving the beard involves disobeying the order of the
Prophet (s.a.w) who commanded us to grow our beards, as he (s.a.w)
said "contradict the non-believers, grow the beards and cut
the moustaches" [Bukhari and Muslim]. Ibn Jarir have also
narrated to the story of the two messengers of Kisra (the
Persian king) to the Prophet, who entered to where the
Prophet (s.a.w) was, and they had shaved their beards and
grown their moustaches, the Prophet (s.a.w) hated to even
look at them and told them: "Woe to you! Who ordered you to
do that?" They replied: "Our lord (i.e. Kisra) ordered us".
The Prophet then said: "But my Lord ordered me to grow my
beard and clip my moustache". Here we see that the Prophet (s.a.w)
hated to even look at the unbelievers, so how would his
reaction be had he seen those who claim to be his loyal
followers imitating the unbelievers and shaving their beards?
Also, it is important to note that the Prophet (s.a.w)
attributed the order of growing the beard and clipping the
moustache to Allah (s.w.t), so it becomes an order from
Allah (s.w.t) to the believers, which makes it mandatory on
the believers to follow, and forbidden to disobey.
* Shaving the beard is a way of imitating the disbelievers,
as mentioned at the beginning of the article, and the
Prophet of Allah has commanded us in numerous hadiths to
contradict the people of the book (Jews and Christians) and
to contradict the pagans and Magus. So since shaving the
beard is a tradition practiced by non-Muslims, it makes it
mandatory for the Muslims to contradict them by growing it.
* The imitation of women, and there is no doubt that shaving
the beard is an imitation of women, and Imam Ibn Hajar
Al-Haythamy n his book "Az-Zawajir" stated that such
imitation is amongst the Major Sins in Islam.
* Contradicting the traditions of the Prophets and righteous
men. Imam Al-Shanqiti said in his commentary on the verse
"He (Harun) said: O son of my mother! Seize (me) not by my
beard, nor by my head" [20: 94], that it is a Qur'anic proof
that growing the beard is the tradition of the Prophets of
Allah.
* Finally, shaving the beard is a contradiction of the
Fitrah (nature) which was intended for us by Allah, since
growing the beard is one of the ten natural instincts as
maintained by the Prophet (s.a.w). The fact that Arabs
before Islam used to grow their beards can be explained by
the fact that they inherited it from the Prophet Ibrahim (a.s).
http://www.muftisays.com/blog/Seifeddine-M/2917_29-06-2012/an-imam-who-trims-or-shaves-his-beard.html
An Imam Who Trims Or Shaves His Beard
Q: Zaid leads the salaah but trims his beard to less
than a fist length. What is the ruling with regards to
appointing him as an Imam and performing salaah behind him?
When this was brought to the attention of the Imam, he took
no heed. What length should the beard be? Please explain.
A: It is waajib (compulsory) for men to have a beard.
This is amongst the important hallmarks of Islam. Imaam
Muhammad رحمه الله writes in his Kitaabul Aathaar that it is
Sunnah to have the beard a fist's length, which means that a
person may hold his beard (from beneath the chin) and then
trim off whatever exceeds the fist. This is also acording to
Imaam Abu Haneefah رحمه الله (Durrul Mukhtaar with Shaami,
vol 5, p 359)
Durrul Mukhtaar (vol 2, p 155) also states, "To trim the
beard to a length less than a fist as the western people and
effeminates do, has not been permitted by an of the scholars.
Shaving off the beard is a practise of the Hindus of India
and non-Arab fire-worshippers."
Faydhul Baari (vol 4, p 380) states that trimming the beard
to a length shorter than a fist is Haraam according to all
the Imaams of jurisprudence.
Tajnees wal Mazeed and Hidaayah state that it is not
permissible to shave the beard because Rasoolullaah صلى الله
عليه وسلم instructed that moustaches be trimmed and beards
allowed to grow. (Nisaabul Ihtisaab, p 15. See also Maa Laa
Budda Minhu, p 130)
The above makes it clear that it is Waajib (compulsory) to
grow a beard. It is makrooh tahreemi to trim it to length
shorter than a fist, and doing so will render the person a
faasiq (flagrant sinner).
Fataawa Daarul Uloom (vol 3, p 128) states that trimming the
beard to a length shorter than a fist is tantamount to
shaving it off.
Keeping the beard contrary to the Sunnah method opposes the
sanctity and importance of the post of an Imaam. One who
does so is an open faasiq and it is necessary for him to
repent and to grow his beard to the required length. If he
does not do so, it will be makrooh for him to be the Imaam,
and he should be fired from the post.
Shaami (vol 1, p 523) states that the reason for not
appointing a faasiq as an Imaam is that he does not give
importance to the injunctions of the Shari'ah. The post of
an Imaam will accord him status and honour, whereas he
really deserves to be humiliated.
An Imaam must be religious and abstain from public sins. A
hadeeth reported by Hadrat 'Abdullaah Ibn 'Umar رضي الله
عنهما states that the best of you should be appointed as
Imaams, because they serve as ambassadors before Allaah.
Another hadeeth states that Rasoolullaah صلى الله عليه وسلم
said, "If you wish that your salaah reach the highest levels
of acceptance, you should appoint your learned ones as your
Imaams so that they could serve as messengers between you
and your Rabb." (Tabaraani, as quoted in Sharhun Niqaayah,
vol 1, p 86)
Kabeeri (p 479) states that people will be guilty of a sin
if they appoint a faasiq as their Imaam.
It is necessary to keep a beard that is at least equal to
one's fist in length. The commentator of Mishkaatul
Masaabeeh, Shah 'Abdul Haqq Muhaddith Dehlawi رحمه الله
writes that it is Waajib (compulsory) to keep a beard that
is equal in length to one's fist. (Ashi'atul Lam'aat, vol 1,
p 288)
It is Haraam to trim the beard to less than a fist length. (Maa
Laa Budda Minhu, p 130)
The Imaam must be fired and if the trustees of the Masjid do
not do so, you should perform your salaah at another Masjid.
If there is no other Masjid, you will be forced to perform
salaah behind this Imaam because it is improper to forsake
salaah with jamaa'ah on acount of the emphasis the ahaadeeth
place on it. Some Ulemaa state that performing salaah in
jamaa'ah is waajib. It must therefore not be left out, but a
concerted effort should be made to have the Imaam relieved
of his post.
The following appears in Fataawa Daarul Uloom (vol 3, p
181):
Q: Zaid trims his beard to a length shorter than a
fist. Is salaah behind him valid?
A: Durrul Mukhtaar states that it is Haraam to trim
the beard to a length shorter than four fingers. Salaah
behind such a person is therefore makrooh, even though the
salaah will be valid. However, such a person should not be
appointed as an Imaam."
And Allaah سبحانه و تعالى knows best what is most correct. [Fatawa
Rahimiyyah, Hadrat Haafidh Maulana Qaari Mufti 'Abdur Raheem
Lajpuri رحمه الله]
Permissibility of
Shortening the Beard in Shariah
The Long and Short of Growing a Beard
By Moulana Muhammad ibn Moulana
Haroon Abassommar
Posted: 27 Rajab 1424, 12
September 2004
FACULTY OF
SPECIALTY IN HADITH SCIENCES
Q.)
I have heard different opinions about beard. Can you
elaborate its real status and importance in Islam? Is
shaving the beard a minor or a major sin? Or was it just a
cultural issue that no more needs any discussion as so many
neo-intellectuals in Islam shave? Please elaborate. [Nasar]
A.)
In all schools of Islamic Law, it is considered wajib
(mandatory) for a Muslim male to grow a beard. It is also
wajib to let the beard grow a fist length. It is
prohibited to cut or shave the beard. He who does so is a
fasiq (sinner) and to shorten it less than a fist length is
makrooh tahrimi (near haram). This is the view of the
majority of scholars. (see Wujoob I'efaaul-lihyah of
Shaykhul Hadith, Ml. Muhammad Zakariyyah and the footnotes
of ex-grand Mufti of Saudia - Shaykh ibn Baaz). The opinions
of the fours schools are as follows.
Hanafia:
Allaamah ibnul Humaam (RA) has mentioned that nobody has
permitted the trimming of the beard lesser than a fist
length. (Fathul Qadeer; Shaami; Fataawa Mahmoodiyyah vol.5
pgs.93, 105, 108)
Shafi'eah:
Allaamah Nawawi (RA) states, 'The correct view (according to
the Shafi'ee Madhab) is to leave the beard to grow and it is
makrooh to trim the beard whatsoever.' (al-Majmoo vol.1
pg.290; also see Sharh Saheeh Muslim vol.2 pg.143)
Allaamah
al-Iraaqi (RA) states in his book entitled, 'Tarhu Tathreeb'
(vol.2 pg.8): '. that the best is to leave the beard totally
and not to cut anything from it at all, and this is the view
of Imam al-Shafi'ee and his students.'
There are
quotations from two great scholars of the Shaafi'ee Madhab
that do not permit the trimming of the beard at all, not
even beyond one fist.
Malikiah:
Imam Abul-Waleed al-Baji al-Maliki (RA) states: It has been
narrated from Imam Malik (RA) that he permitted the slight
trimming of those hair that are overgrown and are outside
the general growth of the rest of the hair, and that Imam
Malik (RA) was asked about a beard that had grown extremely
long, he replied that it should be trimmed a bit.'
Imaam
Abul-Waalid adds, 'And it has been narrated from Abdullah
ibn Umar and Abu Huraira (Radhiallaahu Anhum) that they
trimmed beyond one fist.' Hence, this is what was meant by
Imam Malik. (refer al-Muntaqa vol.7 pg.266)
Imaam
al-Qurtubi al-Maaliki (RA) has also mentioned something
similar to this in his commentary of Sahih Muslim. (see
al-Mufhim vol.1 pg.513)
Hanbaliah:
Imaam Samiri (RA) - who is an expert Hanbali faqih (jurist)
- states:
And he should
not trim any bit from the beard except if he wishes to do so
beyond the extent of one fist. However, it will be best if
he doesn't do so.' (al-Mustaw'ib vol.1 pg.260 - see Hukm
al-Lihyah fil Madhaahibil arba'ah; Abdul-Aziz al-Nu'maani
pg.50)
Another
Hanbali scholar, Imam Shamsuddeen al-Maqdisi (RA) states, 'It
is forbidden to shave the beard and it is not makrooh to
trim what is in excess of a fist's length because this is
supported by the practice of Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Umar,
Radi-Allahu anhu,.' (Kitaabul Furoo vol.1 pg.130; Ibid)
Similar
verdicts are found in other sources of Hanbali Fiqh such as
al-Mubdi of ibn Muflih, al-Insaaf of al-Maawardi; Kashful
Qinaa, etc.(Hukm al-lihyah pg.50)
It is clear
from all these quotations that it is permissible to trim the
beard only beyond a fist length. No one has explicitly
mentioned that it is permissible to trim the beard lesser
than a fist length. In fact, according to some of these
quotations, it will be better not to trim the beard at all.
Proof of Wujoob
There are
various ahadith of Rasulullah
in which the keeping and lengthening of the beard have been
ordered. We will just mention a few that prove the above
claim.
1) Imam
Bukhari (Rahimahullaah) reports on the authority of Imam
Nafi' [ra] who narrates from Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Umar,
Radi-Allahu anhu, that Rasulullah
said, 'Oppose the Mushrikeen (polytheists); lengthen the
beards and trim the moustaches.'
Imam Nafi'
(RA) further states, 'And ibn Umar, Radi-Allahu anhu, during
Hajj or Umrah used to hold on to his beard with his fist and
cut off whatever was in excess of that.' (Bukhari vol.2
pg.875; Kitab-ul-Libas no.5892)
Note: This
hadith has also been narrated by Sayyiduna Abu Huraira [Radhiallaahu
anhu] and he is also reported to have trimmed his beard
beyond one fist.
The verdict
of the growing of the beard being wajib (obligatory)
is deduced from this hadith. That is because any explicit
command of Rasulullah
will be regarded as wajib, if there is no apparent,
clear reason/proof which states that that particular command
is for istihbab (preference). This is an established fact in
usool-ul-fiqh (principles of jurisprudence). Rasulullah
has commanded the Ummah to lengthen the beards. Allah Ta'ala
has mentioned in the noble Qur'an, 'Those who disobey his (Rasulullah
- Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) should beware of a trial or
painful punishment that will afflict them.' (Surah Noor 63)
Allamah
Nawawi (RA) has explained that this hadith has been reported
with various wordings:
The word, 'Waffiroo'
is mentioned in Sahih Bukhari (Hadith5892). In another
narration of Bukhari. The words 'Ufoo' is mentioned (Sahih
Bukhari Hadith5893). The word 'Arkhoo' is mentioned in Sahih
Muslim (Hadith602). The word 'Awfoo' is mentioned in Sahih
Bukhari (Hadith5892) and Sahih Muslim (Hadith601). All these
words imply the same meaning and that is to lengthen and to
increase the growth of the beard. (Fathul Bari vol.10
pg.429, 431; Sharh al-Nawawi ala Saheeh Muslim vol.2 pg.143)
Hafiz ibn
Jareer al-Tabari (ra) has stated that some Ulama have
totally disliked that one trim his beard at all, while
others have permitted trimming beyond a fist length. (Fathul
Bari vol.10 pg.430)
2) When the
two messengers of Kisra (Khusru - the Persian King) came to
Rasulullah
,
they had long moustaches and shaved beards. Rasulullah [sallallaahu
alayhi wasallam turned his face away in disgust and asked
them, 'Who commanded you to do this (despicable deed)?' They
replied, 'Our Lord, (i.e. King)' At this, Rasulullah
mentioned, 'But my Lord has commanded me to lengthen my
beard and shorten my moustache.' (Tabaqaat ibn Sa'ad vol.1
pg.147; Taareekh Tabari vol.2 pg.267-266; Bidaaya wan
Nihaaya)
3) In this
narration, Rasulullah
has stated that to lengthen the beard is in fact the command
of Allah Ta'ala Himself.
Furthermore,
the Wujoob is further emphasized by the fact that Rasulullah
did practice this in his entire life. Know well that
Rasulullah
did not trim his beard in his life. In fact, the beard of
Rasulullah
was dense and almost covered his blessed chest. (Shamaail
Tirmidhi Hadith8; Dalaail al-Nubuwwah of Imaam Bayhaqi vol.1
pg.235)
Actions of
the Sahaba [radhiallaahu anhum] The narrator (Ibn Umar,
Radi-Allahu anhu, himself trimmed his beard beyond a fist's
length, this implies that the wujoob of keeping a beard is
up to a fist length only (this will be explained shortly).
Furthermore,
this (trimming beyond a fist length) has also been reported
from Sayyiduna Abu Huraira, Radi-Allahu anhu, and other
Tabi'een. (Tamheed of ibn Abdul-Barr al-Muntaqaa and Fathul
Baari vol.10 pg.430). Bear in mind that Sayyiduna Abu
Huraira [radhiallaahu anhu] has also narrated a hadith
wherein we are commanded to lengthen the beards. (Sahih
Muslim Hadith602)
Moreover, for
the benefit of your knowledge, the sayings and actions of
the Sahaba (Radhiallaahu Anhum) are a Hujjah (proof). This
is also an established principle in usool-ul-fiqh.
A Misconception
Some
individuals acknowledge that it is wajib to keep a
beard, but then argue that there is no mention of any
specific length in the hadith. Hence, if one has a bit of
hair on his face - irrespective of the length - it would be
permissible, because this is also called a beard.
They also
argue that to keep a beard up to a fist's length is the act
of a Sahaabi [- Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Umar - radhiallaahu
anhu - and Sayyiduna Abu Hurayra - Radhiallaahu anhu] and it
is not the command of Rasulullah
.
Hence, the one who chooses not to do so will not be
contravening any command of Rasulullah
.
This is a
result of a lack of understanding of the actual wording of
the hadith. First, in the hadith we have quoted, Rasulullah
[sallallahu alayhi wasallam] has commanded us to lengthen
the beard and not just to 'keep' a beard. The difference
between the two is quite clear. If one just 'keeps' a
shortened beard, he will not be fulfilling the command of
Rasulullah
.
Therefore,
the one who intentionally keeps a trimmed beard will not be
fulfilling the command of lengthening the beard. The
lengthening is wajib, not just having any sort of a
beard.
Second, the
hadith is general and does not specify any length of the
beard. The words, 'u'ful lluhaa / waffiroo-lluhaa' in the
hadith command us to lengthen the beards, which will (literally)
mean, 'it is wajib to let the beard grow' up to
whatever length it reaches. If we did not have the narration
of Nafi' that Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Umar, Radi-Allahu anhu,
did trim his beard, then this would have been the case.
However, the
narrator himself (Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Umar and Sayyiduna
Abu Hurayra - radhiallaahu anhuma) as well as other Tabi'een
(Radhiallaahu Anhum) did trim their beards beyond one fist's
length, the Ulama have deduced that this means that the
wujoob (obligation) of lengthening is only up to a fist's
length. Neither can we say that it is not permissible to
trim it at all - resulting in the accusation of the Sahaba (Radhiallaahu
Anhum) of contradicting the explicit command of Rasulullah
and especially the narrator, (Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Umar
and sayyiduna Abu Huraira - Radhiallaahu Anhuma). Nor can
one claim the permissibility of trimming it to leave less
than a fist's length, for there is no proof for this in the
Shari'ah.
Hence, if a
person is to trim his beard beyond a fist's length it would
be permissible and if he leaves shorter than a fist's length,
he will be going against an act which is wajib and
this is not permissible, and if he chooses not to trim it at
all, this will also be permissible.
The practice
of the Sahabi [radhiallaahu anhu] here is used for 'permissibility'
of cutting up to a fist's length, because - being the
narrator - this is what he understood to be the intended
meaning of Rasulullah
.
In other words, the Sahabi [radhiallaahu anhu] had
understood that the command of Rasulullah
of lengthening the beard only applies up to a fist's length
and not more. That is why they (the Sahaba concerned -
Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Umar and Sayyiduna Abu Hurayra –
radhiallaahu anhuma) used to trim what was in excess of one
fist. It is not wajib to follow them in doing so.
What is wajib in this situation is to let it grow,
and the action of the Sahabi is used only to explain that
wajib and restrict going against that.
Severity of the Sin
One should
ponder over the narration that we have quoted concerning the
two messengers of the Persian King. How Rasulullah
turned his blessed face away from them in disgust. Remember
these were disbelievers. Imagine if Rasulullah [sallallahu
alayhi wasallam] turns his face away from a Muslim on the
day of Qiyamat because he did not have a proper beard!
Imagine the plight of that person, Allah forbid.
Furthermore,
as for the act of clean-shaving, by doing so, one is
actually imitating the appearance of women. Rasulullah
has cursed those males who aspire to resemble the females
and vice versa. (Sahih Bukhari)
After all,
what is it that stops us from at least adopting the outer
features of Rasulullah
?
Why is it so difficult to make our faces resemble in some
way the blessed face of our beloved Nabi
?
There is an
Arabic couplet that says: 'And resemble them if you cannot
be identical. Verily the resemblance of the noble ones is
also a form of success.'
And Allah
Ta'ala Knows Best
http://www.albalagh.net/qa/0071.shtml
![](../thema/i_pic/00493_turban_nomade.jpg)
493
Der Turban ist die Würde des
Gläubigen.
Qur'aan: "In dem
Gesandten Allahs habt ihr
wirklich ein schönes Beispiel…“(Ahzab; 21) "Der Turban ist die Würde des Gläubigen, die Ehre des Arabers und wenn die Araber
ihren Turban ablegen werden sie ihre Ehre abgelegt
haben.“ (Hadiith -
Deylemi, 3/88, Nr.4247) ... Tabarani
überliefert in seinem Mudschem-i Kabir
von Aischa (Radiyallahu Anha):
„Als unser Prophet (Sallallahu aleyhi we sellem) zu
seinen Gefährten hinausging schaute er in das Wasser
und richtete seinen Bart und seinen Turban.“ Sich mit
dem Turban zu schmücken erhöht den Lohn speziell im
Gebet, da es zu Allahs Anordnungen gehört und wenn
sich ein Muslim den Turban bindet, so sollte er dies im Stehen tun
und mit der Basmallah beginnen. .......
491
Kleider machen Leute
Eine unfertige Skizzioerung von Muhammad Abu Bakr Müller
- Ausbesserungen und/oder Ergänzungen sind
wahrscheinlich. ..... Möge Allah auf
Muhammad Mustafa
und auf seine Familie und seine Gefährten Seinen Segnen und Frieden kommen lassen
und Seiner
Ummah jegliche Furcht außer
der vor Ihm und die jegliche Hoffnung außer durch Ihn nehmen. .....
Amr ibn Schuayb überlieferte von seinem Vater und dieser von seinem
Grossvater (Radiyallahu Anhum), dass der Prophet
(Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) sagte: „Wer anders
aussieht als wir, ist nicht von uns. Ähnelt nicht den Christen und
Juden.“ (Tirmizi, Isti’dhan: 7, Nr.2965, 5/56)
....... Islam-rechtliche Positionen einiger Gelehrter
(englisch).
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